• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to the belt transmission and method for its monitoring by means of which it is easily possible to obtain measurement results that allow conclusions to be drawn about the loads to which the belt has been subjected during the past period of use. To this end, the method according to the invention comprises to monitor a belt unit (L, E) comprising a rotationally mounted disc (M, U) and a belt (R) which is deflected on the disc (M, U ), where the belt (R) and disc (M, U) are respectively equipped with a marking (K1, K2) and the belt (R) and disc (M, U) are positioned with each other so that the marking (K1, K2) of the disc (M, U) and the belt (R) are directly opposite each other in a trigger position when the belt (R) circulates around the disc (M, U), the following work steps: record the trigger position using a monitoring device (K2), where the monitoring device (K2) emits a signal when the marker (K1, K2) is located in the trigger position; record the number of signals (X) triggered during a (...).
    公开号:BR112017023848B1
    申请号:R112017023848-9
    申请日:2016-05-06
    公开日:2021-01-26
    发明作者:Andreas Scholzen；Simon-Martin Schmidt
    申请人:Walther Flender Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [001] The invention relates to a belt transmission and a method for monitoring such belt transmission, in which the so-called toothed belts or synchronous belts, and a method for monitoring them, are, in particular, here considered.
    [002] The transmission by belts of the type in question here respectively consists of at least one transmission or deflection disc, and a belt that is seated around the disc and contacts the discs over a section of the disc's circumference (circuit arc) closed).
    [003] If the belt is a flat belt, the disc thus generally has a correspondingly flat unstructured circumferential surface in its circumference that comes in contact with the belt. If the belt is, in contrast, a V-belt, then the disc is generally provided with a notch that surrounds its circumference on which the V-belt rests. In the case where the belt is a toothed belt or synchronous belt, the disk is provided with indentation in its circumference, the shape and division of which corresponds to the shape and division of the indentation of the toothed belt or synchronous belt. When the toothed belt or synchronous belt circulates around the disk, the teeth of the toothed belt engage the gaps between the teeth of the disk, such that a positive connection of the belt and disk effective in the direction of rotation of the disk is achieved.
    [004] The design of belts usually occurs on the basis of performance values indicated in catalogs that belt manufacturers publish in a general way, that is, it is not guided by the application. The data from different manufacturers in the belt transmission offered by them is not comparable with each other because they do not give discernible on what basis the data was determined. In particular, it is not known on what basis of useful life the values have been specified. Detailed guidelines or standards on how performance values are comparable to each other can be determined to not exist at present. Instead, belt drive manufacturers define their own calculation and design methods. As a result, the properties and selection criteria indicated by the different manufacturers are not comparable to each other, or are, at best, comparable to each other, with great effort and significant uncertainty. Products with apparently similar property profiles are often not proven to be interchangeable because the properties indicated have been determined in different ways.
    [005] An approximate guideline for calculating the requirements that belt transmission must fulfill can be found in guidance VDI 2758. It says in section 3: "The belt transmission must, on the one hand, operate safely under predefined requirements or operational conditions. (rotational speeds, torques, space requirements, overloads, axis displacements, temperatures, and other environmental influences) over a reasonable time, and should, on the other hand, affect the environment as little as possible (noise, oscillations, etc.) " . This remains open as to how these requests can be fulfilled in the case of optimum use of the energy potentials provided by the respective transmission belts.
    [006] In order to ensure that a transmission belt fulfills the requirements placed on it, despite many uncertainties and influencing variables, which are not considered in the conventional way of designed belts, the energy requirements determined in practice on the basis of the expected loads are imposed with security surcharge. These are, therefore, high, that all uncertainties in the project are covered.
    [007] What is disadvantageous here is that the respectively selected belt would surely fulfill the mechanical requests placed on it. However, the over-dimensioning that is, in part, considerable, must be accepted for this proposal. There is a danger here that for certain applications, optimal solutions are overlooked, or cannot be found. In this way, the safety surcharge provided as a support can result in requests for the mechanical properties of the belt to be used, which are so high that these requests can be fulfilled only by a belt whose other material properties, for example, its flexibility, they lie outside the range in which they have to be in order to fulfill the requests that occur for the intended application even with respect to this property.
    [008] Likewise, it is very difficult to use common methods in practice to design a belt drive with respect to its expected service life. Empirical values or targeted test results are not considered in this conventional design.
    [009] A flexible belt in particular intended as a transmission belt is known from DE 10 2009 003 732 A1 which is equipped with at least one sensor and its own internal energy source for the sensor, in order to record operational states. The energy source is formed by at least one flexible piezo element through which portions of electrical energy are generated when there is a temporal change in the belt's bending radius, thus whenever the belt section rests with the piezo element circulating around around one of the belt disks of a belt drive. The piezo element is connected to the sensor, via electrical connection elements similarly arranged on the belt, said sensor and, in turn, can be coupled to a data storage device arranged on the belt, in order to record the recorded measurement results by the sensor. In addition, a rectifier and an electrical energy storage device can also be arranged on the belt in order to load the energy portions distributed by the piezo element, via the rectifier in the energy storage device. The energy storage device can thus continuously supply the sensor and the data storage device with energy.
    [0010] Against the background of the prior art previously explained, the objective is to indicate a belt transmission and a method for monitoring it by means of which it is easily possible to achieve the measurement results that enable a conclusion to be drawn on the loads to which the belt is subjected to its past period of use, such that a forecast can, for example, be made for the remaining service life of the belt.
    [0011] Regarding the method, the invention achieved this objective by going through at least the indicated operation steps for monitoring a belt transmission.
    [0012] With respect to belt transmission, the invention achieved the previously mentioned objective for such a belt drive being formed according to the invention.
    [0013] Additional embodiments of the invention are explained in detail below, as is the general inventive concept.
    [0014] A method, according to the invention, for monitoring a belt transmission comprising a rotatingly mounted disk and a belt that is deflected on the disk, in which the belt and the disk are respectively equipped with a marking, and the belt and the disc are positioned relative to each other, such that the markings K1, K2 of the disc and the belt are directly opposite each other in a trigger position when the belt circulates around the disc, thereby comprising the following operating steps :
    [0015] a) recording of the trigger position by means of a monitoring device, in which the monitoring device emits a signal when the markings are located in the trigger position;
    [0016] b) recording the number of signals triggered for a certain period of time elapsed;
    [0017] and
    [0018] c) determination of the loads to which the belt or disk are subjected during the elapsed period of time based on the number of triggered signals corresponding to the number of circulations of the belt, and taking into account relevant influencing variables.
    [0019] A belt drive according to the invention, comprising a rotatingly mounted disk, a belt deflected on the disk, and a monitoring device, is correspondingly characterized by the fact that a marking is applied to the belt and the disk respectively, and wherein the monitoring device triggers a signal when the disc and belt markings are directly opposite each other on the disc.
    [0020] The invention, therefore, proposes to seat the disc and the belt, and couple them to a monitoring device, such that the course of the disc and the belt can be monitored, and precise information related to the numbers of circulations that the belt completed in the course of its period of use is obtained on the basis of the results of this monitoring.
    [0021] For this proposal, in the case of a belt transmission, according to the invention, the belt and the disc are respectively equipped with a marking, in which the belt and the disc are positioned in relation to each other such that the markings the belt and the disc are directly opposite each other on the disc in the case of a certain operational position of the belt transmission (trigger position). Likewise, a monitoring device is provided for a transmission according to the invention, which emits a signal when the markings are located in the trigger position.
    [0022] This signal from the monitoring device shows, in the case where the number of belt teeth is a total multiple of the disk teeth, that the belt has completed a full circulation. In the case where the number of teeth in the belt does not form a total multiple of the number of teeth in the disk, the sign indicates that the belt has completed a number of total circulations which is defined by the ratio of the number of teeth in the belt to the number of teeth in the belt. disco.
    [0023] The number of circulations completed in total by the belt can be maintained by means of a counter attached to the monitoring device. The meter can, in this particular, be part of an evaluation device that registers the number of signals triggered by the monitoring device, and based on this information, and considering the additional influencing variables, determines the loads to which the belt or disk are subjected during its past use.
    [0024] All marks are fundamentally suitable as markings for the proposal according to the invention, which can be attached to the belt and disc, and on the basis of which they can be determined if the markings have reached the trigger position. Marks that are optically, magnetically, electrically, or are in any other physically recordable manner, are, for example, considered.
    [0025] As it is at least registered according to the invention how often the markings of the belt and the disc are in each other in the trigger position, that is, how many circulations the belt has to make, considering the influencing variables respectively relevant , such as belt and disc material properties, belt and disc geometry, friction conditions, temperatures, environmental atmosphere, etc., exact statements can be made regarding the loads to which the belt has been subjected for the past period of use . By recording, for example, the energy consumption of the transmission motor, in the case of an electric motor, for example, by recording current consumption, a conclusion can be drawn related to the energy transferred by the belt by considering the losses that occurred respectively. From the information obtained respectively, a conclusion can then be drawn regarding the remaining service life of the belt or disk by means of a suitable evaluation device. This information, in turn, allows targeted maintenance and, if required, an exchange of the elements of a belt drive, according to the invention, which respectively reaches the end of its useful life.
    [0026] The method according to the invention allows a comparison of the adjusted value to be made based on the number of registered signals, or based on the determined loads of the belt or disk. For this purpose, the number of signals recorded in operation step b), or the loads determined in operation step c), are compared with an adjusted value. In the case where the registered number of signals or the determined load deviates from the respective adjusted value, then a notification related to the need for a maintenance operation or an emergency stop, can be triggered.
    [0027] The monitoring, according to the invention, in this way, distributes information related to irregularities and deviations from the belt transmission of its target operation. Thus, in the case of transmission with toothed or synchronous belts, hops can be recorded that make an immediate maintenance operation necessary. Likewise, in the case of transmission by flat or V-shaped belts, slips can be detected so that corresponding counter measurements can be initiated in a timely manner. Monitoring also delivers immediate notification related to belt braking, which, when detected, can, for example, trigger an "emergency stop signal".
    [0028] An additional essential aspect of the invention is that information related to the long-term behavior of transmission by belts under the most varied conditions is achieved by the monitoring carried out in accordance with the invention. This information can be used as a basis for a targeted selection of belt application that is optimally suited to the respective application proposal. One method that uses this type of information for the selection of a machinery component is the subject matter of a German patent application 10 2015 107 176.2, the content of which is incorporated here in the disclosure of this application.
    [0029] In particular, in combination with the approach, according to the invention, but also independently of it, it may be expedient for the marking of the belt or disk to contain information related to the properties of the belt or disk, such that the respective information can be read from the monitoring device, and can be considered when determining loads. The individualization achieved in this way allows not only a clear allocation of the respective information to the component concerned, but also allows the informational values of the information obtained by monitoring the marking to be optimized.
    [0030] In this case, the marking, with which the belt or disk is equipped, is, therefore, a means of identification that is not only a trademark registered by a monitoring device, but is also a conveyor of information. The means of identification can then contain any information (for example, manufacturer / production date / customer name / commissioning date / material properties, etc. / planned useful life / change interval / warranty agreements, etc.). This information can be used by the evaluation device when determining the belt or disk loads that occurred in the past and to produce a forecast for the remaining useful life of these elements.
    [0031] By the belt or the disc itself supporting the information relevant to it, and clearly customized for it, the method, according to the invention, can be carried out using one and the same evaluation or monitoring device with any combination of belt / disk without separate data related to the respective belt / disk combination having to be stored in the evaluation or monitoring device. However, regardless of the invention, it is also possible to monitor the changes in ownership that occur during the course of use with the help of correspondingly customized belts or discs.
    [0032] As a marking, in particular, of the belt, means of identification are particularly suitable, which actively transfer information to a recipient, or can be activated by a recipient such that they send the information contained by them to the recipient upon request. The dial on the disc can then be formed by a sensor which in this case not only indicates when the trigger position has been reached, but also serves as a monitoring device. In this case, the sensor that rests on the disk, in this way, emits the signal indicating a complete circulation of the belt when the belt chip and the sensor are in the trigger position.
    [0033] Of course, it may also be expedient, in combination with other markings, to form the dial of the disc as a sensor that is activated in the sense of a monitoring device when it is located together with the mark of the belt in the trigger position.
    [0034] For this purpose, the correspondingly marked belt and disk are used in the sense of the invention, the disk sensor used as a marking, and the belt marking merely has to be equated with each other that when the belt and disk markings have arrived together in the trigger position, the belt marking triggers a signal from the sensor used as the disc marking.
    [0035] An additional design that is particularly advantageous in practice, in many cases in conjunction with the invention, however, regardless of this, provides great benefits as an independent proposal in the case of transmission of monitoring by belts, is characterized by the fact that the Belt or disk marking is formed as an active element that registers one or a plurality of properties of the belt or disk in operation, and distributes them to the monitoring device when the trigger position has been reached. The belt or disc markings are formed here, such that they actively monitor one or a plurality of properties of the belt or the disc in operation, and distribute the result of this monitoring as a signal to the disc monitoring device when the position of the disc trigger has been reached. Thus, for example, it is possible to record the dynamic or static forces prevailing on the belt, the development of the belt temperature, its elongation, or its other deformations when circulating around the disk by means of a sensor arranged in, or in, the strap used as a marking.
    [0036] The transmission belt used to drive the roller can also be correspondingly equipped with an active element, such as sensors. The elongation of the belt and, thus, the applied tension load, can be determined, for example, via tension meters. These are, in turn, a reference for the applied torque. The transmission belts must, for example, be pre-stressed according to the force to be transferred. Incorrect (pre-) stress on the belt leads to a reduction in belt life. By registering the applied torque and pre-stress of the belt available by means of suitable sensors optionally used as markings, and by comparing the result of this record with an adjusted value for the pre-stress, a warning signal can be issued, or the transmission disconnected in the case of pre-stress being canceled in order to avoid damage to the belt. Similarly in cases where the belt pre-stress depends on the extension behavior of the equipment in which the respective belt transmission is operated, the respectively prevailing belt pre-stress can be recorded, and if required, readjusted when, as a result of high external temperatures, and thus associated extension of the equipment, there is an excessively high pre-stress due to the increased distance between the rotation axes of the belt discs or, as a result of low external temperatures, there is a pre-stress excessively low due to the reduced distance between the axles of rotation of the belt discs.
    [0037] An example for a means of identification, which contain a large amount of information that is readable by means of a suitable sensor, is an RFID chip.
    [0038] The size of the readable identification means, or active measurement sensors available today, is minimized, such that elements of this type can be arranged on the belt without their function being interrupted. The region above the center of one of the teeth and below the tension member in the elastic wrapping material (eg rubber or PU) of the belt is, for example, recommended as the location for positioning such an element in the case of a belt timing or synchronous belt. In the case of V-belts, the corresponding element can be arranged below the tension member. In the case of flat belts, an arrangement between one of the belt layers is possible. In addition, it is possible in the case of any type of belt to have the means of identification on the rear side. For this purpose, a recess can be formed into which the means of identification is inserted.
    [0039] RFID chips, sensors and other correspondingly miniaturized components considered as marking a belt, can be embedded in the belt material as early as the belt manufacturer when the belts are manufactured individually.
    [0040] However, in practice, such individual production is an exception. Preferably, a very wide belt in the form of a slab is generally provided by the manufacturer whose belts are sectioned (assembly), the respective width of which is then adapted to the width respectively resulting from the intended application.
    [0041] In order to generally also be able to mark the belt, it is proposed here that the respective marking be introduced on the respective belt after assembly. For this purpose, a recess can, for example, be formed on the belt at a suitable point where the component that serves as a marking is placed. The recess can then be closed in order to protect the component from atmospheric influences.
    [0042] The recesses can be introduced into the belt material as a perforation, or in another suitable way by removing material. For this purpose, a processing machine can be provided that performs the steps of operation, "positioning the belt", "inserting the recess", "placing the component in the recess", "optionally closing the recess", "removing the belt" corresponding processing stations. The machine can also be formed as a processing center in which the operating steps concerned are completed in a belt fastening process.
    [0043] The signals distributed by the evaluation and monitoring device respectively provided can be transmitted by remote data transmission. For this purpose, the data networks available in the respective operation can be used. This includes data transmission systems that operate on a cable connection base (for example, LAN), and on a wireless connection base (for example, WLAN, directional radio).
    [0044] The data obtained from the monitoring can be sent, via remote data transmission to the manufacturers or suppliers of the belt or disk, and used for the analysis, forecasting and, in order to build a selection system of the type already mentioned above. The results of the selection can thus be incorporated into the further development of the machine components considered respectively, "belt", "disk", "belt / disk" combination. If required, warnings related to imminent damage cases can be sent by the manufacturer or supplier to the monitored belt transmission user respectively.
    [0045] An additional aspect of the teaching revealed here is that by marking the belt or disk with a means of identification customized for the respective component, it can be ensured that only the correct belt and the correct disk are respectively used in combination with each other, and based on the respective application. Errors in the assembly or selection of the respective "belt / disc" pairing can thus be safely avoided.
    [0046] In the event of damage, surety or guarantee inquiries can be clarified using the information obtained by the monitoring possibilities presented here in their different facets. This applies in particular when the monitoring concerned is carried out in accordance with the invention.
    [0047] This is not to say that both on the belt and on the respective disc, not only a single mark, but if necessary, even two or more markings, can be arranged in an appropriate distribution in order to enable optimal registration of the properties monitored respectively. In this regard, all or only individual markings can be formed as active elements. It is also conceivable, for example, to combine a marking formed as a passive information carrier with an active marking which is used as a sensor for recording certain properties or states of the belt or disk.
    [0048] In the case that the belt marking is an active element, its energy supply can, for example, occur in the manner known from the prior art, and which was mentioned in the introduction. Alternatively, it is also conceivable to transfer the required energy in an inductive manner to the active element, or to an energy storage device similarly arranged on the belt, and coupled to the element.
    [0049] It is also possible to install a photovoltaic element to generate energy on the belt, preferably on the external rear of the belt. Such elements are available at present as flexible films so that, in a suitable embodiment, they can also experience the deformations experienced by the belt when they deflect on a disk of the belt drive.
    [0050] In the case of applications where a belt is operated in an inverted manner between two end positions, and where certain belt sections are not deflected at any time on the belt drive deflection discs, it is also possible to mount elements for generation of energy in the relevant sections that are not deflected so that they are kept largely free of mechanical loads.
    [0051] In the case where the location, in which the energy is generated or coupled to the belt, is distanced from the location in which the energy is required, for example, by an active marking or sensor element, an electrically conductive connection conductor can be incorporated in the belt in order to connect the respective active element to the device for generation, storage or coupling in electrical energy. Alternatively, the tension member, or a different layer of the belt, can also be used for this proposal when it consists of an electrically conductive material, or an electrical conductor is incorporated in the relevant layer for the proposal of the manufacture of an electrical connection. It is also of course possible to use electrically conductive fibers provided on the belt to transmit signals between a marking designated as an active measurement sensor and a device for signal transmission. In addition, such electrically conductive fibers can also be used as an antenna for wirelessly transmitting signals to a remote monitoring device.
    [0052] In the case of the disc, the energy supply of an active marking formed as an information carrier or sensor can, for example, occur by a power generation device formed according to the principle of a cube dynamo being arranged on the disc. It is also conceivable to have a photovoltaic element for generating energy in the disk. It would also be possible here to transfer the required energy through inductive coupling without contacting or using the possibility known per se for generating electrical energy by means of a piezo element implemented on the belt. The required energy can, of course, also be provided by batteries or accumulators, in case there is enough space available, which are arranged on the respective disk, or on the respective belt.
    [0053] Depending on the respective requests, different markings formed as sensors can be arranged on the disk or on the belt, in order to register different properties and influencing variables. Each mark formed as a sensor can be supplied, if required, with the energy required for its operation.
    [0054] In the case where a disc with one or a plurality of sensors used as the marking is provided, it may be expedient, depending on the material respectively used for the disc, to record changes in volume. Such changes may occur as a result of changes in temperature, or as a result of retraction due to external influences, such as humidity or the effects of chemicals.
    [0055] The information respectively registered by the monitoring device can be transmitted, if required, by a plurality of transmitters, or centrally by a common issuer, to a corresponding receiver.
    [0056] The informative value of the monitoring results achieved in the outlined manner performed, in particular according to the invention, can be supported by a torque sensor being arranged on the transmission shaft, via which the motor transmission of the belt transmission occurs. The transmission torques acting on the belt transmission can be recorded in this way in which the losses that occur on the belt transmission can be determined.
    [0057] The load spectrum can be recorded and compared with the assumptions produced to calculate the axes (or axis). This enables indications such as the loading of notches on the shaft due to keys, retaining ring recesses, etc. Any number of factors that influence the life of the components and thus the unit's ability to function can thus be measured and transmitted with the aid of the energy generated to a separate data processing system for further evaluation.
    [0058] The transport speed results from the speed of the shaft and the outside diameter of a disk used in a belt transmission for deflection of the belt. The diameter of a belt disc is subject to continuous wear. The decrease in diameter that occurs as a result of wear can be determined by means of suitable sensors. If an optimum constant transport speed is required, the decrease in diameter respectively recorded can therefore be compensated for by an increase in rotational speed.
    [0059] It has already been mentioned that the previously disclosed designs have a particularly advantageous impact in conjunction with the invention and contribute to an optimal use of the invention alone or in combination with other designs.
    [0060] However, the relevant drawings, to the extent that they do not directly refer to the invention, or directly expand on the characteristics of the invention, may also exhibit the advantages and effects explained here with respect to them, regardless of the invention.
    [0061] Exemplary modalities are explained in more detail below on the basis of a drawing. The figures show schematically in each case:
    [0062] Figure 1 - the structural principle of a belt transmission used as a linear axis transmission;
    [0063] Figure 2 - the structural principle of a so-called "omega drive (Q drive) Q";
    [0064] Figure 3 - a belt transmission;
    [0065] Figure 4 - a section of a belt used in the belt transmission according to Figure 3 in a side view;
    [0066] Figure 5 - a belt section according to Figure 5 in a flat view to its rear.
    [0067] Belt drives are typically used in linear shaft drives. In the simplest case, a linear transmission unit L, as shown in Figure 1, consists of a transmission disk M, a deflection disk U, a movable slider S, and the belt R to which the slider S is coupled. The cursor S is moved back and forth in continuous change by means of the belt R between its two end positions.
    [0068] An additional example for a belt drive is the so-called "omega drive (Q drive)" shown in Figure 2. The M drive disk of the motor and two U deflection disks formed as rollers are fixed to a movable cursor S.
    [0069] In Figure 3, it is demonstrated on the basis of a different transmission unit E, as a belt transmission, according to the invention, can be designated, and as the monitoring, according to the invention, of the belt transmission (= transmission unit L), can be performed. The transmission unit E, according to Figure 3, is suitable, for example, for transferring a transmission torque applied by the motor disk M to a transmission, not shown here, coupled to the deflection disk U.
    [0070] The R belt is formed like a conventional toothed belt.
    [0071] The transmission disk M and the deflection disk U are, consequently, provided on their circumferential surfaces that come into contact with the teeth Z of the belt R with a formed indentation corresponding to the geometry and arrangement of the teeth Z of the belt R, such that the Z teeth of the belt R engage in a positive locking manner in the indentation of the U, M discs when they circulate around the U, M discs.
    [0072] The belt R wraps around the disk U, M equally dimensioned in the present case by 180 ° respectively.
    [0073] An RFID K1 chip is arranged on the R strap as a marking. The RFID chip K1 in this particular resides in a recess that was drilled in one of the Z teeth of the belt R after the belt R was assembled. The recess with the K1 RFID chip is, in this respect, arranged in the elastic packing material of the R belt in the region of the foot of the Z tooth, that is, between the MZ center of the Z tooth and the tensioning member T of the R belt.
    [0074] The K1 RFID chip contains, for example, information related to the type, the date of manufacture, the date of use, as well as the materials used for the belt, and the like.
    [0075] A K2 sensor is arranged on the transmission disk M as a marking. The K2 sensor is a device through which the information stored on the K1 RFID chip used as the R belt tag can be read.
    [0076] The sensor K2 is disposed in an edge position of the disk M close to a gap C between two teeth Zs1, Zs2 of the disk U. If the tooth Z of the belt R provided with the RFID chip K1 is placed in the gap C , the K1 RFID chip and the K2 sensor meet each other as a result, and the K2 sensor reads the information available on the K1 RFID chip. The K2 sensor is thus used as a monitoring device that records when the K2 sensor and the K1 RFID chip are opposite each other.
    [0077] The trigger position A, that is, the position where the belt marking (RFID chip K1) and the disc marking (sensor K2) are directly opposite each other, and the K2 sensor emits a corresponding X signal , is defined as the position in which the sensor K2 and the RFID chip K1 with the tooth Z of the belt R equipped with the RFID chip K1 resting on the gap C both seated in the straight line G, said straight line operating through the rotational axes D1, D2 of U, M disks ("09:00 position of U disk)". The RFID chip K1 and sensor K2 are, therefore, immediately before the trigger position A in Fig 3 in the case of the rotating direction indicated for the transmission disk M.
    [0078] The K2 sensor distributes the X signal, which indicates that the K1 RFID Chip and the K2 sensor reached the trigger position A at the same time, as a radio signal to a W transceiver device that sends the X signal to one receiving device N, for example, via WLAN or LAN which is, in turn, coupled to a Y evaluation device.
    [0079] In addition to the signal indicating the meeting of the RFID chip K1 and the sensor K2 in the trigger position A, the signal X can also comprise information that the sensor K2 reads from the RFID chip K1.
    [0080] The Y evaluation device records the number of X signals sent and associated with it, and the number of circulations completed by the R belt. Based on this information and on the reading of the information additionally transmitted by the related K1 RFID chip, for example, To the quality and condition of the R belt, a prediction is made regarding its expected remaining useful life and required maintenance measures initiated.
    [0081] Based on Figure 4, it can be discerned that respectively a K1 mark can be arranged on the Z teeth region of the particularly loaded R belt in practical use in which these K1 markings, as previously explained, are usually an active sensor, or a RFID element. The K1 marking can therefore contain, record, send, or collect information related to the R belt in order to distribute it to the K2 sensor used as the monitoring device. In addition to the K1 markings, a storage device B for storing electrical energy may also be available in the region of the Z teeth of the belt R, via the active markings K1, that is, the sensors or active identification means used as markings on the sense of the invention, are supplied with the energy required for its operation.
    [0082] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the photovoltaic elements P1 for generating electricity, or light emitting elements P2, for example, photo diodes, are arranged on the rear side of the belt R facing the teeth Z of the belt R, said photo diodes can emit light signals in order to signal certain operational states of the respective belt R. The connection between the elements P1 and the energy storage device B, or the marking K1 occurs, via electrically conductive fibers F incorporated in the R-belt which can be incorporated into the material of the R-belt, for example as part of the tension member T, or as a separate connecting conductor.
    [0083] A P3 photovoltaic element for generating the energy that is required to operate the K2 sensor is arranged in a corresponding manner adjacent to the K2 sensor at the front end of the M transmission disk.
    [0084] The lifting actuators should be mentioned as an additional practical example for the teaching disclosed here in the case in which two toothed belts that operate in parallel are generally operated for safety reasons. If a belt fails, then the remaining belt can still maintain the load, or at least distribute it in a controlled manner.
    [0085] Lifting drives often make only one movement between a lower end position and an upper end position between which, however, additional stops can be completed at defined positions if required. As a result of this, the same teeth on the belts are always loaded with braking and accelerating forces. In this regard, this involves teeth that are located in the closed circuit region of the belt disc at the time of the respective stop, or when the respective terminal position has been reached. The same tooth on the belt is also always at the same disc clearance in the same stroke position.
    [0086] By providing the belts and discs with a marking, in particular, a marking formed as a means of identification, the strokes reached can be determined by the number of contacts in the respective positions. For this purpose, at suitable points, an RFID can, for example, be implemented on a belt tooth as a marking, and a sensor in the same way used as a marking can be implemented on a disc gap. The respective tooth is clearly characterized by the information supported by the RFID, such that it can be clearly determined when the tooth reaches the respective clearance in the critical stop position. The disc easily rolls over other belt teeth without causing heavy loads on the respective teeth. The number of contacts made between the relevant teeth and the disc can thus be determined for "critical" teeth, and the remaining service life can be reliably predicted for possible belt failure compared to reachable contacts stored in a data base.
    [0087] The optimal force distribution on both belts results when both belts are produced and pre-stressed in an identical manner. The force or tension load of the belts can be determined via tension gauges. The voltage load can be measured by means of suitable sensors, and transmitted by means of suitable transmission means (for example, by means of RFIDs), to an external receiver. This can occur on the discs, or at any point on the belt.
    [0088] It is also conceivable for both belts or sensors on both belts to synchronize respectively applied stress to each other. The tension members present on the belt can be used for the purpose of conducting energy, transfer or entry.
    [0089] In reverse operation, not all sections of the belt operate around the disc. In regions that do not operate around the disk, a signal device implemented on the belt can, for example, indicate by means of an optical signal whether or not the belt is in an orderly state. This signal device can, in particular, indicate whether or not the loads present on the belt are within a predefined scope of tolerance. If there is an excessively large deviation, it can also be signaled, via the evaluation device coupled to the monitoring device, such that the unit can be turned off before further damage occurs. Reference numeral A Trigger position C Gap between teeth Zs1, Zs2 D1, D2 Rotating axes of U disks, ME Transmission unit F electrically conductive fibers G Straight line K1 RFID chip K2 Sensor ("marking" and "monitoring device" ") L Linear drive unit M Drive disk MZ Center of a tooth ZN Receiving device P1 Photovoltaic element P2 Light-emitting element P3 Photovoltaic element Q Omega drive R Belt S Cursor T Belt tension member RU Deflection discs W Device transceiver X signal Y evaluation device Z Belt teeth R Zs1, Zs2 U disk teeth
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [0001]
    1. Method for monitoring a belt drive (L, E) comprising a rotatingly mounted disk (M, U) and a belt (R) that is deflected on the disk (M, U), the belt (R) and the disc (M, U) are respectively equipped with a marking (K1, K2), characterized in that the belt (R) and the disc (M, U) are positioned in relation to each other, such that the markings (K1 , K2) of the disk (M, U) and the belt (R) are directly opposite each other in a trigger position when the belt (R) circulates around the disk (M, U), comprising the following steps of operation, a) record the trigger position by means of a monitoring device (K2), in which the monitoring device (K2) emits a signal when the markings (K1, K2) are located in the trigger position; b) record the number of signals (X) triggered for a certain period of time; and c) determine the loads to which the belt (R) or disk (M, U) were subjected during the elapsed period of time based on the number of triggered signals (X) corresponding to the number of belt circulations (R), and taking into account relevant influencing variables.
    [0002]
    Method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in operation step c), the material properties of the belt (R) and the disk (M, U), the geometry of the belt (R) and the disk (M , U), the conditions of friction, the prevailing static or dynamic forces, the elongation or deformations of the belt (R) when circulating around the disc (M, U), the temperatures, the volume, the ambient atmosphere or the consumption of energy of a transmission motor provided to drive the belt transmission (E, L) to be considered as influencing variables.
    [0003]
    Method according to either of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that a forecast is made by means of an evaluation device (Y) related to the expected service life of the belt (R) or the disk (M, U), based on determined loads, and taking into account the influencing variables.
    [0004]
    Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the number of signals recorded in operation step b), or the loads determined in operation step c), are compared with an adjusted value, and where in the case where the number of recorded signals, or the determined load deviates from the respective adjusted value, a notification related to the need for a maintenance operation, or an emergency stop, is triggered.
    [0005]
    Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the markings (K1, K2) on the belt (R) or the disc (M, U) support information related to the properties of the belt (R) or the disc ( M, U), where the respective information is read from the monitoring device (K2), and considered when determining the loads.
    [0006]
    6. Belt transmission comprising - a rotatingly mounted disc (M, U), - a belt (R) deflected on the disc (M, U), and - a monitoring device (K2), characterized by a marking (K1, K2) be applied respectively to the belt (R) and the disc (M, U), and where the monitoring device (K2) triggers a signal (X) when the markings (K1, K2) of the disc (M, U) and of the belt (R) are directly opposite each other on the disk (M, U).
    [0007]
    7. Belt drive according to claim 6, characterized in that the monitoring device (K2) is coupled to a counter that counts the number of signals (X) triggered by the monitoring device (K2).
    [0008]
    Belt transmission according to claim 7, characterized in that the meter is part of an evaluation device (Y) that registers the number of signals (X) triggered by the monitoring device (K2) and, based on this information, and taking into account additional influencing variables, it determines the loads to which the belt (R) or disc (M, U) were subjected during its past use.
    [0009]
    Belt drive according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the marking (K1, K2) of the disk (M, U) or the belt (R) is an identification means that contains information related to the belt ( R).
    [0010]
    Belt transmission according to claim 9, characterized in that the marking (K1, K2) is an RFID chip.
    [0011]
    Belt transmission according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the evaluation device (Y) is coupled to a sensor (K2) for reading the information supported by the marking (K1).
    [0012]
    Belt drive according to any one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that the marking (K1, K2) of the belt (R) or the disc (M, U) is formed as an active element that registers one or a plurality of properties of the belt (R) or disk (M, U) in operation, and distributes them to the monitoring device (K2) when the trigger position has been reached.
    [0013]
    Belt drive according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that, in the case where the belt (R) is a toothed belt, or synchronous belt, the identification means is arranged above the center of the teeth, and below the tension member on the belt elastic material (R), or on the rear side of the belt (R), where in the case where the belt (R) is a V-belt, the identification means will be arranged below the tension member , or on the rear side of the belt (R), or where in the case where the belt (R) is a flat belt, the means of identification will be arranged between the layers of the belt (R).
    [0014]
    Belt transmission according to any one of claims 6 to 13, characterized in that the monitoring device (K2) is connected to a device (W) for remote data transmission.
    [0015]
    Belt drive according to any one of claims 6 to 14, characterized in that the marking (K1, K2) of the belt (R) or the disc (M, U) is formed at the same time as a monitoring unit (K2) .
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
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    BR112017023848A2|2018-07-31|
    PL3126810T3|2018-07-31|
    DK3126810T3|2018-05-14|
    WO2016177883A1|2016-11-10|
    US20180128352A1|2018-05-10|
    AU2016257387B2|2019-11-21|
    KR101972551B1|2019-08-19|
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    US10309496B2|2019-06-04|
    DE202016008121U1|2017-03-09|
    JP2018517145A|2018-06-28|
    JP6349471B2|2018-06-27|
    EP3126810B1|2018-02-14|
    MX2017014190A|2018-07-06|
    EP3126810A1|2017-02-08|
    RU2673994C1|2018-12-03|
    AU2016257387A1|2017-11-30|
    KR20170139692A|2017-12-19|
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    法律状态:
    2020-05-19| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|
    2020-12-08| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2021-01-26| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 06/05/2016, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102015107177.0|2015-05-07|
    DE102015107177|2015-05-07|
    PCT/EP2016/060188|WO2016177883A1|2015-05-07|2016-05-06|Belt drive and method for monitoring such a belt drive|
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